human body ppt

The cushions of moss that grow on my garage roof are a rich source of microscopic wildlife, including these little tardigrades, also known as ‘water bears’ or ‘moss pigs’. These are up to a fifth of a millimetre long, with eight legs that end in claws that allow them to clamber amongst the leaves of mosses. Tardigrades feed on mosses in the same way that greenfly feed on larger plants, by spearing the plant with a hypodermic syringe-like stylet and draining out the sap - you can see the green cell contents inside the gut of one of the tardigrades in these pictures. The most amazing thing about tardigrades is that they are virtually indestructible. When their habitat begins to dry out they develop into a barrel-shaped resting cyst call a ‘tun’, and in this state can survive in a state of extreme dehydration for decades. While in the tun stage they can survive extreme environmental conditions – even extreme vacuum and cosmic radiation in space – see http://tardigradesinspace.blogspot.com...

Various systems affected Reproductive organ changes Cardiovascular changes Hematological changes Respiratory changes Changes in urinary system Endocrine organ changes Reproductive organs Vagina Cervix Uterine corpus Breast Vagina Increased vascularity and hyperaemia of mucosa Increased thickness of mucosa, increased loosening of connective tissue, hypertrophy of muscles -increase in length and distensibility Increased vaginal secretions, acidic medium with increased lactobacillus Cervix Pronounced softening and cyanosis –after a month of pregnancy (Goodell’s sign) - increased vascularity & edema - cervical glandular hypertrophy /hyperplasia - rearangement of collagen with decrease in mechanical strength at term Thick mucus – bloody show at labour Uterus Hypertophy and dilatation normal 70gm ----------------10ml cavity pregnant 1100gm -------------5litres Increase in size is contributed by muscle hypertrophy, hyperplasia, stretching inc...

The cells are monomorphic with bland, round nuclei and occur in loosely cohesive clusters in ducts and lobules. Intracellular mucin vacuoles (signet ring cells) are common. it does not form masses and is only rarely associated with calcifications. Therefore, the incidence of LCIS is almost unchanged in mammographically screened populations Current treatment requires either close clinical and radiologic follow-up of both breasts or bilateral prophylactic mastectomy Lobular carcinoma in situ. A monomorphic population of small, rounded, loosely cohesive cells fills and expands the acini of a lobule. The underlying lobular architecture can still be recognized.