Muscles of upper limb

The muscles of upper limb are divided into:


shoulder
arm
forearm
hand
Muscles of shoulder

Deltoid

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Teres major

Subscapularis




Deltoid

Origin:

lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action: abducts the arm; anterior part may flexes and medically rotates the arm and the posterior part extends and laterally rotates arm


Supraspinatus

Origin:

the supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: upper of the three facets on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Action: stabilizes shoulder joint and abducts the arm

Infraspinatus

Origin:
the infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: middle facets on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Action: stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates the humerus.





Teres minor

Origin:

the upper two-thirds of lateral border of the scapular on the dorsal surface.

Insertion: the lowest facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Action: laterally rotates and adducts the humerus.

Teres major

Origin:

the dorsal surface near the inferior angle of the scapular.

Insertion: the crest of lesser tubercle of humerus.

Action:acts with the latissimus dorsi in addicting, extending and medial rotating the humerus.


Subscapularis

Origin: subscapular fossa

Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

Action: medially rotates the humerus and stabilizes the shoulder joint.


Antererior group

Biceps brachii

Coracobrachialis

Brachialis


Biceps brachii

Origin:

long head, supraglenoid tubercle; short head, coracoid process

Insertion: radical tuberosity

Action: supinator of forearm, flexor of elbow joint, weak flexor of should joint


Coracobrachialis

Origin: coracoid process

Insertion: the middle part of the medial border of humerus.

Action: adducts and weakly flexes the arm at the shoulder joint.

Brachialis

Origin:

the distal half of the front of the humerus

Insertion:

coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna.

Action: main flexor of elbow joint.


Posterior group

Triceps brachii

Origin:

long head, infraglenoid tubercle; lateral head, above groove for radical n., medial head, below groove for radical n.

Insertion: olecranon of ulna

Action: extends elbow joint), long head can extend and adduct shoulder joint


Muscles of forearm

Anterior group

Superficial layer

Brachioradialis

Pronator teres

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris


Pronator teres

Origin:

medical epicondyle of humerus and deep fascia of forearm

Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius

Action:
pronation of forearm


Second layer

－flexor digitorum superficials


Third layer

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus

Fourth layer
－ pronator quadratus

Action: flex radiocarpal joint and fingers, pronate forearm


Posterior group

Superficial layer

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor digitorum

Extensor digiti minimi

Extensor carpi ulnaris


Deep layer

Supinator

Abductor pollicis longus

Extensor pollicis brevis

Extensor pollicis longus

Extensor indicis

Action: extend radiocapral joint and fingers, and supinate forearm


Supinator

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus and upper part of lateral border of ulna

Insertion: upper third of anterior surface of radius

Action: supination of forearm


Muscles of hand


Lateral group－thenar
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis

Action: flex, abduct, adduct and oppose thumb



Medial group－hypothenar


Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti minimi

Action: flex, abduct , and oppose little finger

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Human Intercourse Diagram

Image
Gambar 1. Bagian Spermatozoa You may have bleeding after sex. About three out of 10 women have vaginal discharge that smells or is blood stained, there may also be pain during sexual intercourse; a lump or growth in the vagina that you or your doctor can feel - about 10 per cent have The textbook includes several diagrams and explanations that detail what goes the textbook not only discusses sexual intercourse in sections like "Where Do I Come From?" but also more pertinent topics like avoiding sexual abuse, AIDS and a chapter the day of the alleged sexual intercourse without consent, commonly referred to as rape. The accuser described how she and Johnson had returned to her house and met her roommate who was in the living room playing video games. The jury was given a diagram Let’s start off with this example: The confusion about when social intercourse turns into sexual intercourse is real The second is a Venn diagram, with two overlapping circles labelled “Alyssa’s fr
Keep reading

Diet To Get Ripped In 2 Weeks

Image
diet to get ripped in 2 weeks I have 2 weeks before vacation and i want to be ripped. i'm 5'5" about 125. i work out first thing in the morning. i increased my cardio to 30 min of running 5x a... How to get six packs abs how to get ripped abs. fast programs.. Want to get ripped in 4 weeks?.. you will have to perform some high repetitions with those medium weights if you plan to get anywhere. with diet comes exercise and... I have 2 weeks before vacation and i want to be ripped. i'm 5'5" about 125. i work out first thing in the morning. i increased my cardio to 30 min of running 5x a... This high-intensity two-week program will get you ripped just in time.. the muscle & fitness newsletter will provide.. e
Keep reading

Human Brain Labeled Diagram

Image
Ear Diagram Bioengineers have created three-dimensional brain-like tissue is not sufficient. Diagram of scaffold donut showing grey-white matter compartmentalization. Rat neurons attached to the scaffold (donut ring) and also sent axons (labeled with green Human fingertips a linear path to the brain with a “labeled-lines” structure. But new research on mouse whiskers from Duke University reveals a surprise — at the fine scale, the sensory system’s wiring diagram doesn’t have a set pattern. Human fingertips have several types of sensory neurons that are responsible for relaying touch signals to the central nervous system. Scientists have long believed these neurons followed a linear path to the brain with a “labeled-lines” structure. RobinH at en.wikibooks Diagram showing locations of several important parts of the human brain, as viewed from the front Because they struggle with controlling their emotions, they’re often labeled as “bad kids” or diagnosed with ADHD (attention That m
Keep reading