Muscles of upper limb
The muscles of upper limb are divided into:
shoulder
arm
forearm
hand
Muscles of shoulder
Deltoid
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Teres major
Subscapularis
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZCixMTp5W7Wx6JVObZaAj_uZWqHRcwHE4GVXqfhrXIHHQsbpR8Qvc6dApgwV9qeZBx1ZrOhfoc_tUthbPtnq32BkNbyl999cfy9MoJL5vT28q_zjLNUsNDO0lUs8tLi1BFuTY_mQUVe3n/s320/muscles+of+shoulder.png)
Deltoid
Origin:
lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: abducts the arm; anterior part may flexes and medically rotates the arm and the posterior part extends and laterally rotates arm
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEvzk1Rkj_Z9lqpzpviBiOSjTPkOEIuHHl_xuDYCIvLdPlnYUgBP4vUezraTBLpG1RfYkUmhCRzfjnkY05x-p_6Aq9w9D6uKn1mduqrER4zNqI8r1B5HzLSNGsxKTY3-Ap9grtDHHxLD0T/s320/deltoid.png)
Supraspinatus
Origin:
the supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: upper of the three facets on the greater tubercle of the humerus.
Action: stabilizes shoulder joint and abducts the arm
Infraspinatus
Origin:
the infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: middle facets on the greater tubercle of the humerus.
Action: stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates the humerus.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv_ea2JFWlk0MXbO8_3Tk9pfZXCPpHzSlGsLeb1r0TXrkakyfv3AxOdXzr3isEbi1X-5ykqHb3_sCwnhDR9xeYov_Z-vJhvtdVyl29JZIU-0Zq8G9CrZ9RApJh8b9ixb1irKNYbhjaxWQd/s320/infraspinatus.png)
Teres minor
Origin:
the upper two-thirds of lateral border of the scapular on the dorsal surface.
Insertion: the lowest facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus.
Action: laterally rotates and adducts the humerus.
Teres major
Origin:
the dorsal surface near the inferior angle of the scapular.
Insertion: the crest of lesser tubercle of humerus.
Action:acts with the latissimus dorsi in addicting, extending and medial rotating the humerus.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtt9DNDZ9yI0LxSBbVzR_2LIFC600eGw48GRJICTo94cbdJxQ4ikoNYEuLLy4aseg_xu6J0geSO7gHuBkLQgNoXhuSqLnMPI50NeIPS0i3pZjSyQgAG5knY7azZTKP1K1VNKpqcrlX2f67/s320/teres+minor.png)
Subscapularis
Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: medially rotates the humerus and stabilizes the shoulder joint.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxssF7QLvxIuSUVRKW32yFRUYK-Ikta5WGk5C0qorVak-h5d8V7f11juMX16NBM4MAyqr74X38fiKEbSdy80Idmy7wbXopESeoHjPvhHaTt3mFFJqQx9bMUgvP7rdseiOcHZTmekvnVwsE/s320/subscapularis.png)
Antererior group
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXb6r7pnPE6SqvUZupxnBDoEXapgDLs4vuI_ER9361nEcLR9oYvm4e3ycAtnEzaK0748aLCwIQB97AW7I8oVu3JV7Uksnzh0Jb2AJiSQ7frV1-S0u2IbFnypn4NQ0tUr5s5DxvuiwF8gqz/s320/muscles+of+arm.png)
Biceps brachii
Origin:
long head, supraglenoid tubercle; short head, coracoid process
Insertion: radical tuberosity
Action: supinator of forearm, flexor of elbow joint, weak flexor of should joint
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijmwCJD4BeQUhI_5sP3E7N9IE-jqB8eG9Rm7OSKmin0rhXp0r5L3gLPaQ5iqBe1HXKrP9g29oYSm3M-9eFbkxC0lWe-ACC06llRaSqyVVZ9FX-Mq4yf-GXwvjZRVwUlm6Y1sQ3ELzl8iF6/s320/biceps+brachii.png)
Coracobrachialis
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: the middle part of the medial border of humerus.
Action: adducts and weakly flexes the arm at the shoulder joint.
Brachialis
Origin:
the distal half of the front of the humerus
Insertion:
coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna.
Action: main flexor of elbow joint.
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinXdxSIe7tjKy_on8r6PBT2pHUZub4m-p75No7onS4vJNGZYqNJfUlI843_VWphdzXo1cn-5hUjgadeekbYjO6wfah6SkjBZoH5q_0YqiUs1G5IOm3rdSCBWRDPZpUbg3ARV1Y9AY6go4E/s320/brachialis.png)
Posterior group
Triceps brachii
Origin:
long head, infraglenoid tubercle; lateral head, above groove for radical n., medial head, below groove for radical n.
Insertion: olecranon of ulna
Action: extends elbow joint), long head can extend and adduct shoulder joint
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBx5C_61lWdAem3ovIwyutQCLBLi-j4CSUTflutZQD9HDqenmFx_h4IIRGewLmY7Emt9wlGbViXU_sXg_2OtEeyII46WZCOBTNSx93L3Zc50Rx0_lFaEuTZ2aMbeo0AnrX7a3ys9hpC5bV/s320/triceps+brachi.png)
Muscles of forearm
Anterior group
Superficial layer
Brachioradialis
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBRdGmkgpq1TmNj-meZ40BlJaRHs6GMAjOLb75bkYpxWd27bIrrspTvzBu6pk9UorVdldFjwAdTBf5BM98DK3JDWBdWZFCoBAbkh2GXQWZo_un9C5gbQlTM7sQ7Frjes_fvAf7jd-yXQSo/s320/Muscles+of+forearm.png)
Pronator teres
Origin:
medical epicondyle of humerus and deep fascia of forearm
Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius
Action:
pronation of forearm
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdPxEx7Z6ryqtJh0V0LuFN6TXPoMdxcaTAjUhjZVBdlAspAhnbCRKnSfVJIOiLCZBHz81up9wjV4wz0HHXfv32EubFPKWVamP94q9rNMOCdpKqBbmUAn50smxtzp9PnnncJRbiSCmlgrTa/s320/pronator+teres.png)
Second layer
-flexor digitorum superficials
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrAlaRA_lL_MmiF0nUj-C8MDC_LgIBMA2Bs-v5Gwis3pELbKvPeIL7lrZCviHCl1kOvIadJPOhM9Vy5OCN4FxiaS9ABrtLQgFngnDYZfP-Nmes0jCUe41rNu0bpdm7NZYwTRuARp7H1jBq/s320/second+layer.png)
Third layer
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Fourth layer
- pronator quadratus
Action: flex radiocarpal joint and fingers, pronate forearm
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-xjZPI39NdrcVKF8hYtaXmwn2p5_Z2QqAWc0HuvQrBX9ogAY2_Fiuc5_-JRfZiZbjjIHpT1PzK6c-FshaKOwd7fPBguBsGTy4XY_VKqFgZKj98zbDMyRaIAfK-Ru_HAO1XX1GQpoNJ_cu/s320/third+layer+and+fourth.png)
Posterior group
Superficial layer
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCS_NdIQ8tYcB8iScWrV8bIV7g67uQhZiCeSoYhCgvFMkBJPzlTd1DUCxUqP1aSASmj33LgU1A5ttpgq5OHeTrjA5oG2lYTarimgODGgT7esnH2_iz4LkF4GBmzmZBOPDpi1M7FKDwADvW/s320/Posterior+group.png)
Deep layer
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis
Action: extend radiocapral joint and fingers, and supinate forearm
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTaj3ey_St39zW_SVQ0i6Jj7-9Udv4iwbKrEZMHw7ol42m0pmd755Pn-sBVyjy8xi9WKUpt_gIyxThrZ-8mPNkREWXhfVVDl8E1AMEt0tH7A0db37HaGfq3snkY78ab2qFT3v2tyhZXvIw/s320/Deep+layer.png)
Supinator
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus and upper part of lateral border of ulna
Insertion: upper third of anterior surface of radius
Action: supination of forearm
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyAajuAELiER18aKk18bx5ifwKtnqJENFSe67lNa8gV7blzbSD8EkH38Wz2Tu-IHzGpUWWp5CG4Jo1ndpDmVcU_iXIZ4EmNP63csMt0Vzl89Awg0klUyH-EryNehemsU-Rp76E8-Bemjt0/s320/Supinator.png)
Muscles of hand
Lateral group-thenar
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis
Action: flex, abduct, adduct and oppose thumb
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqK4h6fb2EBLe48DVb8hnVpyLuBLZ1hiRICugmc-N_tUDY079lVujdLzyE9VD2cIm4IFwHrE3Wdd6f46n_gcIO28yOt6l4-RTDEiE9kaKPEGqHLoVnGHvfkte1VW-EY2K1RI86LZJ9kYhp/s320/muscles+of+hand.png)
Medial group-hypothenar
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti minimi
Action: flex, abduct , and oppose little finger
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTFNDEpXl8uEnPsk6fAoBrCzYwf9g08qkTsreqhq7JKHIUJBMiWtWxeMViLEP7jl5fFWRf8DSCEiZ6ba_TfxcODvPIjKt9OeKpJsIwRUfYXIzJlFXGmNDZSvpSqU1QW1AQh9v2NqSViAyl/s320/Medial+group+of+muscles+of+hand.png)
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